Amakuru

Muri 2025, isoko ryihuta kwisi yose ryerekana ihindagurika rikomeye mugihe cyo guhuza ibintu byinshi. Nk’isesengura ry’inganda ziheruka gukorwa, biteganijwe ko ingano y’isoko ku isi iteganijwe kurenga miliyari 100 z'amadolari y'Amerika, hamwe n'ubwiyongere bw'umwaka buri mwaka bwa 5%. Isoko rya Aziya riyoboye isi nu mugabane wa 40%. Muri byo, Ubushinwa n'Ubuhinde bitanga 15% na 12% by'ubwiyongere bw'iterambere, ahanini byungukirwa cyane no gukenerwa cyane mu gukora amamodoka, ingufu nshya ndetse no kubaka ibikorwa remezo. Muri icyo gihe, amasoko yo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru n'Uburayi angana na 20% na 8% by'imigabane. Nyamara, kubuzwa no guhindura amasoko no gukaza umurongo w’ibidukikije, umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere urahagaze neza.

Ibisabwa-bisabwa: Imodoka ningufu nshya nka moteri ya Core
Inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga zikomeje kuba uruhande runini rusabwa kubifata, bingana na 30%. Imodoka imwe ya Tesla Model 3 isaba ibyuma birenga 100.000. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bworoshye bwo gutwara ibinyabiziga bishya bitanga ingufu byatumye ubwiyongere bukenerwa ku bicuruzwa bifite ingufu nyinshi kandi birwanya ruswa. Ikigereranyo cyo gukoresha titanium alloy hamwe nicyuma kidafite ingese cyiyongereyeho hejuru ya 10% ugereranije nuwo muri 2018. Byongeye kandi, kwagura imishinga y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu nk’umuyaga w’umuyaga na Photovoltaque byongereye imbaraga zo kwinjira mu mashanyarazi yo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu rwego rw’ingufu.

Guhanga udushya mu buhanga: Ubwenge hamwe niterambere ryibintu byahinduye inganda
Inganda zubwenge zahindutse intandaro yo guhindura inganda. Ikoreshwa rya robo yinganda hamwe na enterineti yibintu (IoT) byafashije uruganda rwumudage kugera ku gipimo cyikora cya 90% mumurongo wacyo, byongera imikorere 30%. Mu rwego rwibikoresho, habaye udushya twinshi nkibyuma bikomeye cyane nibikoresho byangiza. Ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije byatejwe imbere na societe yo muri Amerika iringaniza imikorere kandi irambye. Ku rundi ruhande, Abashinwa bakora ibicuruzwa, bashyize ahagaragara ibicuruzwa bishya biyongereyeho 20% mu mbaraga zikaze. Iterambere ngarukamwaka ry’ubushakashatsi ku iterambere n’ishoramari ku isi ni 7%, bigatuma iterambere ry’inganda rigana ku buryo bunoze kandi
uburemere.

Amarushanwa akomeye: Ibihangange Mpuzamahanga hamwe n’ibigo byaho mu ntambara
Isoko ryerekana uburyo bwo guhatanira oligopoliste. Ibihangange mpuzamahanga nka Schneider na Siemens bingana na 30% byimigabane yisoko. Hagati aho, inganda z’Abashinwa nka Taishan Iron na Steel na Baosteel zirihutisha imiterere mpuzamahanga binyuze mu guhuza no kugura no gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga. Intambara zi biciro hamwe ningamba zo gutandukanya zibana. Isoko ryohejuru ryibanze ku mbogamizi zikoranabuhanga, mugihe isoko ryo hagati-rito-rishingiye ku nyungu zibiciro. Ibigo byinshi bifata amasoko agaragara binyuze mubufatanye bwaho. Kurugero, Ubuhinde na Aziya y Amajyepfo yAmajyepfo byahindutse ahantu hashya hiyongera.

Politiki n'imbogamizi: Imyuka ibiri y'amabwiriza agenga ibidukikije no guterana amagambo
Amahame akomeye yo kurengera ibidukikije mu Muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ahatira inganda guhinduka ku musaruro w’icyatsi. Politiki "Made in China 2025" y'Ubushinwa iteza imbere kuzamura ubwenge mu nganda. Ariko rero, ihindagurika ry’ibiciro fatizo hamwe no gukaza umurego mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga byongereye gushidikanya. Kurugero, guhindura imisoro y’Amerika ku bifata Ubushinwa byashyizeho igitutu ku nyungu z’ibigo bimwe na bimwe bigamije kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Byongeye kandi, ibyifuzo by’itsinda ry’abaguzi nyuma ya za 90 na nyuma ya 2000 nyuma y’ibicuruzwa no kwimenyekanisha byatumye ibigo byihutisha imiterere y’imiyoboro ya e-bucuruzi, bituma umubare w’amasoko yo kuri interineti wiyongera mu mijyi ya kabiri n'iya gatatu.

Icyerekezo kizaza: Iterambere rirambye nubufatanye bwisi yose
Impuguke mu nganda zerekana ko 2025 izaba isoko y’inganda zihuta. Ibigo bigomba kuringaniza udushya mu ikoranabuhanga no kugenzura ibiciro, gushimangira imbaraga z’urwego rutanga isoko, no gucukumbura icyitegererezo cy’ubukungu. Biteganijwe ko mu 2030, umugabane w’isoko ry’ibicuruzwa bitangiza ibidukikije bizikuba kabiri, kandi n’abakora inganda mu Bushinwa biteganijwe ko bazaca monopole mpuzamahanga ku isoko ryo mu rwego rwo hejuru.